The vast majority of people who’ve lost a limb can still feel it — not as a memory or vague shape, but in complete lifelike detail. They can flex their phantom fingers and sometimes even feel the chafe of a watch band or the throb of an ingrown toenail. What causes these phantom limb sensations? Joshua W. Pate explains how the brain reacts to a missing limb.

Educator: Joshua W. Pate 
Creative Director: Tolga Yildiz

Producer: Serin Inan

Illustrator: İbrahim Hakkı Uslu
Composer: Tolga Yıldız

Sound Design: Bahar Oktay